Guiding Questions

1. What is naturalistic observation? How does a researcher collect data when conducting naturalistic observation research?
2. Why are the data in naturalistic observation research primarily qualitative?
3. Distinguish between participant and nonparticipant observation; between concealed and non-concealed observation.
4. What is systematic observation? Why are the data from systematic observation primarily quantitative?
5. What is a coding system? What are some important considerations when developing a coding system?
6. What is a case study? When are case studies used? What is a psychobiography?
7. What are archival research? What are the major sources of archival data, especially within a classroom setting?
8. What is content analysis?

Naturalistic Observation

How Does a Researcher Collect Data When Conducting Naturalistic Observation Research?

Naturalistic observation is a research method commonly used in psychology and other social sciences. It involves observing subjects in their natural environment without any manipulation or intervention by the researcher. The goal is to gather data on how subjects behave in real-world settings.

Data Collection Methods:

• Unobtrusive Observation: Researchers observe without the subjects being aware, to avoid influencing their behavior.
• Field Notes: Detailed notes are taken on the behaviors, interactions, and context.
• Audio/Video Recording: Used to capture behaviors for later analysis.
• Participant Observation: The researcher may become part of the group being studied to gain deeper insights.

2. Why Are the Data in Naturalistic Observation Research Primarily Qualitative?

The data in naturalistic observation are primarily qualitative because they focus on the richness and complexity of human behavior. Qualitative data include detailed descriptions, narratives, and interpretations of observed behaviors, which provide a deeper understanding of the context and meaning behind actions.

3. Distinguish Between Participant and Nonparticipant Observation; Between Concealed and Nonconcealed Observation