https://youtu.be/uDZknu73h3c?si=WPcEw9RiYaguxSSG

The Bolinger Principle is a semantic guideline that helps distinguish when to use an infinitive (to + verb) or a gerund (verb + -ing) after certain verbs in English. It's based on the observation that these verb forms often convey different meanings:

• Infinitives suggest something hypothetical, future, or unfulfilled. For example, "I want to travel" implies a desire for a future action.
• Gerunds usually show something real, vivid, or fulfilled. For instance, "I enjoy traveling" expresses a feeling about an activity that has already been experienced.

How the Bolinger Principle helps English language learners:

Understanding the Bolinger Principle can significantly aid English language learners in choosing the appropriate verb form:

1. Identifying verb patterns: Learners can become familiar with common verbs that are typically followed by infinitives (e.g., want, hope, plan) or gerunds (e.g., enjoy, dislike, avoid).
2. Considering meaning: By thinking about the intended meaning, learners can determine whether the action is hypothetical or fulfilled. This helps them select the correct form.
3. Avoiding errors: The Bolinger Principle provides a framework for understanding why certain verb combinations sound wrong. For example, "I enjoy to travel" feels incorrect because "enjoy" usually implies a fulfilled action, better expressed with a gerund: "I enjoy traveling."

Examples:

• Infinitive: "She hopes to find a new job." (future, unfulfilled)
• Gerund: "He remembers visiting the museum." (past, fulfilled)

Important Note:

While the Bolinger Principle is a helpful guide, it's not an absolute rule. Some verbs can be followed by either an infinitive or a gerund, depending on the specific context and meaning. It's essential for learners to also consider other factors, such as Collocations in English: The art of natural word pairing (words that frequently appear together) and individual verb preferences.

Overall, the Bolinger Principle serves as a valuable tool for English language learners to navigate the complexities of infinitive and gerund usage, contributing to more accurate and natural-sounding language production.